In dermatology, vitiligo is a white or milky-white patch skin condition that stands out as a significant mystery. It has impacted people of all backgrounds with its distinct depigmented patches. This article aims to clarify the complexities of this condition by examining its types, risk factors, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and more. Moreover, this article will also notify the readers about where they can find the Best Vitiligo Treatment in Delhi. The goal is to equip individuals with knowledge and insights to address better the challenges associated with vitiligo. Continue Reading to know more!
What is Vitiligo?
Vitiligo, also known as leucoderma or “white spot” disease, is a condition characterized by the autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. The cells are responsible for producing skin pigment. This condition results in a reduced or complete loss of melanin, leading to the formation of distinctive white patches on the skin.
What are the Symptoms of Vitiligo?
Vitiligo mainly presents as light-colored patches or spots on the skin. The most prominent symptom is the formation of distinct, irregularly shaped areas that may look milky-white or lighter than the surrounding skin. Additional symptoms and characteristics include:
- Progressive Enlargement: The patches may gradually grow and spread, affecting larger skin areas. This progression can be slow and consistent, or it may occur in sudden bursts followed by stable periods.
- Symmetry: Often, the patches exhibit a symmetrical pattern, appearing in corresponding locations on both sides of the body. For instance, if a patch forms on one elbow, a similar one might emerge on the other.
- Well-defined Borders: The edges of vitiligo patches are usually well-defined, creating clear distinctions between the depigmented areas and the surrounding normal skin. These edges may be uneven or serrated.Â
- Variation in Size and Shape: The patches can differ significantly in size and shape, ranging from small, isolated spots to larger areas that may merge.
- Involvement of Mucous Membranes:In some instances, vitiligo can also affect mucous membranes, such as those in the mouth, nose, genitals, and rectum, although this is less common than skin involvement.
What are the Factors Contributing to White Patches?
Immune System Issues:
According to the researchers, it suggests that vitiligo is likely an autoimmune disorder. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly attacks normal body components, such as melanocytes, viewing them as threats. Individuals with vitiligo are more prone to other autoimmune conditions, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis.
Genetics:
Researchers have identified several risk genes associated with vitiligo, but they cannot definitively predict who will develop the condition. While vitiligo can be hereditary, it is relatively rare. Approximately 20% of individuals with vitiligo have a parent, sibling, or child who also has the disorder.
Physical Trauma:
According to the experts, physical trauma or stress to the skin, such as sunburn or exposure to industrial chemicals, can trigger or exacerbate vitiligo. Areas of skin with less pigment are particularly susceptible to sunburn.
Who is at risk of getting Vitiligo?
Vitiligo can affect anyone, but it typically first manifests between the ages of 2 and 40, regardless of race. The common belief that individuals of African descent are more prone to vitiligo is inaccurate; rather, it may be more noticeable as a cosmetic concern in those with darker skin.
What are the Treatment Methods for Vitiligo?
Some of the treatment options for vitiligo include the following:
- Phototherapy:
Phototherapy is a method that involves exposing the affected skin to a specific wavelength of light. The light used is commonly narrow-band ultraviolet B (nbUVB), to promote repigmentation. It may take up to a year of treatments, two to three times a week, to achieve noticeable, although often incomplete, results.
- PUVA (Psoralen plus Ultraviolet A):Â Â
In many areas, topical treatments containing psoralen are applied before sun exposure. PUVA combines the chemical psoralen with UVA light, which can come from natural sunlight or a light booth at a dermatologist. While initially used for vitiligo, this treatment has broader applications.
- Melanocyte-Keratinocyte Transplant Procedure (MKTP):
This treatment consists of transferring melanocytes and keratinocytes from healthy skin areas to the affected patches in specific patients. It is particularly effective for segmental vitiligo, where only a small area on one side of the body is impacted.
- Topical Treatments for Vitiligo: Â
These treatments are made up of steroid creams, vitamin-D-related compounds and medications that inhibit calcineurin.
- Oral and Topical medications for Vitiligo Treatments:
If vitiligo affects over 50% of the body’s surface area, dermatologists may recommend bleaching agents to lighten the pigmentation of normal skin. Applying specific creams can help achieve a uniform skin tone by matching the normal areas with the depigmented ones.
Consult the Best Dermatologist for Vitiligo Treatment in Delhi!
Vitiligo is a skin condition that can be manageable yet not completely curable. Still individuals can benefit the most by consulting a skilled dermatologist. Moreover, to experience effective vitiligo treatment, one can consult with Dr. Nivedita Dadu, the best dermatologist in Delhi. She is the owner of Dadu Medical Centre, an advanced skin, hair and laser facility in the capital city. The doctor, with over two decades of expertise, is providing personalized care and advanced techniques is help her patients regain their confidence and improve their skin’s appearance. Book a consultation appointment today at Dadu Medical Centre. The facility is located in Delhi’s two prime locations, Rajouri Garden, West Delhi and Vasant Vihar, South Delhi!
